Over the next decade, the United States Army and the Federal Bureau of Investigation worked closely to try and determine the identities of Soviet spies referred to in decrypted cables by cryptonyms, or secret codenames. The Soviets had penetrated almost every branch of the United States government and had spies in important positions within the State Department, the Department of the Treasury, the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), and even the White House. As portions of the transcripts were decoded over the coming years, American officials were shocked by what they discovered. On December 20, 1946, cryptologist Meredith Gardner first broke into the Soviet code and by this point World War II had ended. The Soviet cables proved to more difficult to read than Clarke had expected. The breakthrough came in 1946, when it was discovered that some of one-time pad keys had been reused by the Soviets, which allowed decryption (sometimes only partial) of a small part of the traffic.Ĭollecting the cables was easy and decoding them proved to be the challenge. For three years, cryptanalysts struggled to decipher Soviet trade traffic. The original goal of the Venona Project was to “examine, and possibly exploit encrypted Soviet diplomatic communications.” Code-breakers at SIS headquarters at Arlington Hall were responsible for decoding Soviet trade messages that were encrypted using an unbreakable “one-time pad” system. Clarke, initiated the Venona project because he distrusted Stalin and feared that the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany would conduct secret peace negotiations. In 1943, the deputy Chief of Military Intelligence, Carter W. The majority of the messages were decrypted between 19. ![]() The SIS obtained and decrypted nearly 3,000 messages. The SIS created the counterintelligence program, with the goal of decrypting messages sent through intelligence agencies of the Soviet Union (the NKVD, the KGB, and the GRU). ![]() The Venona project took place between 19. The United States Army Signal Intelligence Service’s (SIS) Venona Project discovered Soviet espionage in the Manhattan Project. Soviet spies occupied positions of trust and importance in the Manhattan Project, and passed on valuable information about the bomb and its design. The Manhattan Project was infiltrated not by its enemies Germany and Japan, but by the Soviet Union. ![]() For all of the attention paid to secrecy and counter-intelligence, spies were still able to penetrate the project and steal information about the atomic bomb. Espionage was one of General Groves’ main concerns during the Manhattan Project.
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